Save "Seudah Shlishit Ki Tavo 5784"
Seudah Shlishit Ki Tavo 5784
וַיְדַבֵּ֤ר מֹשֶׁה֙ וְהַכֹּהֲנִ֣ים הַלְוִיִּ֔ם אֶ֥ל כׇּל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל לֵאמֹ֑ר הַסְכֵּ֤ת ׀ וּשְׁמַע֙ יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל הַיּ֤וֹם הַזֶּה֙ נִהְיֵ֣יתָֽ לְעָ֔ם לַיהֹוָ֖ה אֱלֹהֶֽיךָ׃
Moses and the levitical priests spoke to all Israel, saying: Silence! Hear, O Israel! Today you have become the people of your God יהוה:
הסכת. פירושו לפי מקומו כי אין ריע לו:
KEEP SILENCE. The meaning of the word hasket (keep silence) can only be known from its context, for it has no neighbor.
רָמֵי לֵיהּ רַב מָרִי בְּרַהּ דְּבַת שְׁמוּאֵל לְרָבָא, תְּנַן: הָאוּמָּנִין קוֹרִין בְּרֹאשׁ הָאִילָן וּבְרֹאשׁ הַנִּדְבָּךְ, אַלְמָא לָא בָּעֵי כַּוָּנָה. וּרְמִינְהִי: הַקּוֹרֵא אֶת שְׁמַע צָרִיךְ שֶׁיְּכַוֵּין אֶת לִבּוֹ, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: ״שְׁמַע יִשְׂרָאֵל״, וּלְהַלָּן הוּא אוֹמֵר: ״הַסְכֵּת וּשְׁמַע יִשְׂרָאֵל״. מַה לְּהַלָּן בְּ״הַסְכֵּת״ אַף כָּאן בְּ״הַסְכֵּת״.
Rav Mari, son of the daughter of Shmuel, raised a contradiction before Rava: We learned in our mishna: Laborers may recite Shema atop the tree or atop the course of stones in a wall under construction. We see that he does not require intent, simple recitation is sufficient. And he raised a contradiction from the verbal analogy taught in a baraita: One who recites Shema must focus his heart, as it is stated: “Hear [Shema], Israel.” And below, later in Deuteronomy, it says: “Pay attention, and hear [shema], Israel” (Deuteronomy 27:9). Just as there one must pay attention, so too here one must pay attention.

וַיְדַבֵּר מֹשֶׁה וְהַכֹּהֲנִים הַלְּוִיִּם אֶל כָּל יִשְׂרָאֵל לֵאמֹר הַסְכֵּת וּשְׁמַע. מַהוּ הַסְכֵּת וּשְׁמַע. הַס, וְאַחֲרֵי כֵן כַּתֵּת. אָמַר לָהֶן מֹשֶׁה לְיִשְׂרָאֵל, עֲשׂוּ עַצְמְכֶם כִּתּוֹת כִּתּוֹת וְהַטּוּ לְבַבְכֶם לִשְׁמֹעַ דִּבְרֵי תּוֹרָה. דָּבָר אַחֵר, אָמַר לָהֶם: כַּתְּתוּ לְבַבְכֶם וְנַפְשְׁכֶם לִשְׁמֹעַ דִּבְרֵי תּוֹרָה. בְּכָל לְבַבְכֶם (דברים יא, יג), אָמַר רַבִּי אֶלְעָזָר בֶּן יַעֲקֹב, בָּא הַכָּתוּב לְהַזְהִיר אֶת הַכֹּהֲנִים בְּשָׁעָה שֶׁעוֹבְדִין עֲבוֹדָה, שֶׁלֹּא יִהְיֶה לָהֶם שְׁתֵּי לְבָבוֹת, אֶחָד לִפְנֵי הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא, וְאֶחָד לְדָבָר אַחֵר. וּבְכָל נַפְשְׁכֶם (שם), אֲפִלּוּ נוֹטֵל אֶת נַפְשְׁךָ.

(Deut. 27:9:) “Then Moses and the Levitical priests spoke to all Israel, saying, ‘Pay attention and listen.’” What is the meaning of pay attention (hasket) and listen? Be silent (has) and then break down (katet). Moses said to Israel, “Form [yourselves into] individual classes (kitot), and incline your heart to hear the words of Torah.” Another interpretation: He said to them, “Pound (katetu) your hearts and souls to hear the words of Torah.” [(Deut. 26:16:) “With all your heart.”] R. Eliezer ben Jacob says, “The text comes to warn the priests when they perform a service not to have two hearts, one in the presence of the Holy One and one for something else.” (Ibid., cont.:) “And with all your soul (nafsheka),” even though [someone] takes your life (nafshekha).