A Blessing on an Eclipse

The Mishnah Lists some astronomical phenomena that we make blessings over
The Talmud notes this is a "bad sign"
We don't see "bad signs" mean we should not make a blessing, indeed just the opposite. Things such as earthquakes, tornadoes, and rainbows are all bad signs, but we bless on them.
The position that the list of natural wonders in the mishnah is exhaustive is difficult to make sense of.
The OU, Star-K, and most modern sources recommend not making a blessing
Rav Eliezer Melamed recommends making a blessing if a person is impressed.

עַל הַזִּיקִין, וְעַל הַזְּוָעוֹת, וְעַל הַבְּרָקִים, וְעַל הָרְעָמִים, וְעַל הָרוּחוֹת, אוֹמֵר בָּרוּךְ שֶׁכֹּחוֹ וּגְבוּרָתוֹ מָלֵא עוֹלָם.

עַל הֶהָרִים, וְעַל הַגְּבָעוֹת, וְעַל הַיַּמִּים, וְעַל הַנְּהָרוֹת, וְעַל הַמִּדְבָּרוֹת, אוֹמֵר בָּרוּךְ עוֹשֵׂה מַעֲשֵׂה בְרֵאשִׁית. רַבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר, הָרוֹאֶה אֶת הַיָּם הַגָּדוֹל אוֹמֵר בָּרוּךְ שֶׁעָשָׂה אֶת הַיָּם הַגָּדוֹל, בִּזְמַן שֶׁרוֹאֶה אוֹתוֹ לִפְרָקִים.

עַל הַגְּשָׁמִים וְעַל הַבְּשׂוֹרוֹת הַטּוֹבוֹת אוֹמֵר בָּרוּךְ הַטּוֹב וְהַמֵּטִיב, וְעַל שְׁמוּעוֹת רָעוֹת אוֹמֵר בָּרוּךְ דַּיַּן הָאֱמֶת:

Mishnah Berakhot 9:2

On comets, and on earthquakes, and on lightning and on thunder, and on storms say, “Blessed [be He] whose strength and might fill the world.”

On mountains, and on hills, and on seas, and on rivers, and on deserts say, “Blessed [is He] who makes the works of the beginning.”R’ Yehuda says, “One who sees the great sea says, ‘Blessed [is He] who made the great sea,’ only if he sees it occasionally.”

On rain and on good news say, “Blessed is He who is good and does good.” And on bad news say, “Blessed [are You] the true judge.”

משנה ברכות ט׳:ה׳

חַיָּב אָדָם לְבָרֵךְ עַל הָרָעָה כְּשֵׁם שֶׁהוּא מְבָרֵךְ עַל הַטּוֹבָה, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (דברים ו) וְאָהַבְתָּ אֵת יְיָ אֱלֹהֶיךָ בְּכָל לְבָבְךָ וּבְכָל נַפְשְׁךָ וּבְכָל מְאֹדֶךָ. בְּכָל לְבָבְךָ, בִּשְׁנֵי יְצָרֶיךָ, בְּיֵצֶר טוֹב וּבְיֵצֶר רָע. וּבְכָל נַפְשְׁךָ, אֲפִלּוּ הוּא נוֹטֵל אֶת נַפְשֶׁךָ. וּבְכָל מְאֹדֶךָ, בְּכָל מָמוֹנֶךָ. דָּבָר אַחֵר בְּכָל מְאֹדֶךָ, בְּכָל מִדָּה וּמִדָּה שֶׁהוּא מוֹדֵד לְךָ הֱוֵי מוֹדֶה לוֹ בִּמְאֹד מְאֹד.

Mishnah Berakhot 9:5

A person is obligated to bless upon the bad just as he blesses upon the good. As it says, “And you shall love the Lord your God, with all your heart and all your soul and with all that you have.” (Deut. 6:5) “With all your heart” – with your two inclinations, with the inclination of good and the inclination of evil. “And in all your soul” – even if He takes your soul. “And with all that you have” – with all your money. Alternatively, “With all that you have” – with every measure that is measured for you thank Him very much.

ברכות נ״ח ב:י״א

עַל הַזִּיקִין: מַאי זִיקִין? אָמַר שְׁמוּאֵל: כּוֹכְבָא דְּשָׁבֵיט. וְאָמַר שְׁמוּאֵל: נְהִירִין לִי שְׁבִילֵי דִשְׁמַיָּא כִּשְׁבִילֵי דִנְהַרְדָּעָא, לְבַר מִכּוֹכְבָא דְּשָׁבֵיט דְּלָא יָדַעְנָא מַאי נִיהוּ. וּגְמִירִי דְּלָא עָבַר כִּסְלָא, וְאִי עָבַר כִּסְלָא — חָרֵב עָלְמָא. וְהָא קָא חָזֵינַן דְּעָבַר! — זִיוֵיהּ הוּא דְּעָבַר, וּמִתְחֲזֵי כִּדְעָבַר אִיהוּ

Berakhot 58b:11

We learned in the mishna that over zikin, one recites: Whose strength and power fill the world. The Gemara asks: What are zikin? Shmuel said: A comet. Shmuel also said: The paths of the sky are as clear to me as the paths of my city, Neharde’a, except for comets, that I do not know what they are. And we learn through tradition that a comet does not pass the Orion constellation, and if it does pass Orion, the world will be destroyed. The Gemara asks: Don’t we see that comets pass Orion? The Gemara rejects this: The aura of the comet passes Orion and it appears as though the comet itself passes.

ירמיהו י׳:ב׳

כֹּ֣ה ׀ אָמַ֣ר יְהֹוָ֗ה אֶל־דֶּ֤רֶךְ הַגּוֹיִם֙ אַל־תִּלְמָ֔דוּ וּמֵאֹת֥וֹת הַשָּׁמַ֖יִם אַל־תֵּחָ֑תּוּ כִּי־יֵחַ֥תּוּ הַגּוֹיִ֖ם מֵהֵֽמָּה׃

Jeremiah 10:2

Thus said GOD:
Do not learn to go the way of the nations,
And do not be dismayed by portents in the sky;
Let the nations be dismayed by them!

סוכה כ״ח ב:ח׳

מַתְנִי׳ כׇּל שִׁבְעַת הַיָּמִים אָדָם עוֹשֶׂה סוּכָּתוֹ קֶבַע, וּבֵיתוֹ עֲרַאי. יָרְדוּ גְּשָׁמִים, מֵאֵימָתַי מוּתָּר לְפַנּוֹת — מִשֶּׁתִּסְרַח הַמִּקְפָּה. מָשְׁלוּ מָשָׁל לְמָה הַדָּבָר דּוֹמֶה — לְעֶבֶד שֶׁבָּא לִמְזוֹג כּוֹס לְרַבּוֹ, וְשָׁפַךְ לוֹ קִיתוֹן עַל פָּנָיו.

Sukkah 28b:8

MISHNA: All seven days of Sukkot, a person renders his sukka his permanent residence and his house his temporary residence. If rain fell, from when is it permitted to vacate the sukka? It is permitted from the point that it is raining so hard that the congealed dish will spoil. The Sages told a parable: To what is this matter comparable? It is comparable to a servant who comes to pour wine for his master, and he pours a jug [kiton] of water in his face to show him that his presence is not desired. So too, in the sukka, rain is an indication that the Holy One, Blessed be He, does not want the person to fulfill the mitzva of sukka.

סוכה כ״ט א:ז׳

מָשָׁל לְמָה הַדָּבָר דּוֹמֶה. אִיבַּעְיָא לְהוּ: מִי שָׁפַךְ לְמִי? תָּא שְׁמַע דְּתַנְיָא: שָׁפַךְ לוֹ רַבּוֹ קִיתוֹן עַל פָּנָיו, וְאָמַר לוֹ: אִי אֶפְשִׁי בְּשִׁמּוּשֶׁךָ.

Sukkah 29a:7

§ The mishna continues: The Sages told a parable: To what is this matter comparable? It is comparable to a servant who comes to pour wine for his master, and he pours a jug of water in his face. A dilemma was raised before the Sages: Who poured the water in whose face? Come and hear a proof, as it is taught explicitly in a baraita: His master poured a jug of water on his face and said to him: I do not want your service.

סוכה כ״ט א:ח׳

תָּנוּ רַבָּנַן: בִּזְמַן שֶׁהַחַמָּה לוֹקָה — סִימָן רַע לְכׇל הָעוֹלָם כּוּלּוֹ. מָשָׁל לְמָה הַדָּבָר דּוֹמֶה? לְמֶלֶךְ בָּשָׂר וְדָם שֶׁעָשָׂה סְעוּדָה לַעֲבָדָיו וְהִנִּיחַ פָּנָס לִפְנֵיהֶם, כָּעַס עֲלֵיהֶם וְאָמַר לְעַבְדּוֹ: טוֹל פָּנָס מִפְּנֵיהֶם וְהוֹשִׁיבֵם בַּחוֹשֶׁךְ.

Sukkah 29a:8

Apropos the fact that rain on Sukkot is an indication of divine rebuke, the Gemara cites several related topics. The Sages taught: When the sun is eclipsed it is a bad omen for the entire world. The Gemara tells a parable. To what is this matter comparable? It is comparable to a king of flesh and blood who prepared a feast for his servants and placed a lantern [panas] before them to illuminate the hall. He became angry at them and said to his servant: Take the lantern from before them and seat them in darkness.

סוכה כ״ט א:ט׳

תַּנְיָא רַבִּי מֵאִיר אוֹמֵר: כׇּל זְמַן שֶׁמְּאוֹרוֹת לוֹקִין — סִימָן רַע לְשׂוֹנְאֵיהֶם שֶׁל יִשְׂרָאֵל, מִפְּנֵי שֶׁמְּלוּמָּדִין בְּמַכּוֹתֵיהֶן. מָשָׁל לְסוֹפֵר שֶׁבָּא לְבֵית הַסֵּפֶר וּרְצוּעָה בְּיָדוֹ, מִי דּוֹאֵג — מִי שֶׁרָגִיל לִלְקוֹת בְּכׇל יוֹם וָיוֹם הוּא דּוֹאֵג.

Sukkah 29a:9

It is taught in a baraita that Rabbi Meir says: When the heavenly lights, i.e., the sun and the moon, are eclipsed, it is a bad omen for the enemies of the Jewish people, which is a euphemism for the Jewish people, because they are experienced in their beatings. Based on past experience, they assume that any calamity that afflicts the world is directed at them. The Gemara suggests a parable: This is similar to a teacher who comes to the school with a strap in his hand. Who worries? The child who is accustomed to be beaten each and every day is the one who worries.

סוכה כ״ט א:י׳

תָּנוּ רַבָּנַן: בִּזְמַן שֶׁהַחַמָּה לוֹקָה — סִימָן רַע לַגּוֹיִם. לְבָנָה לוֹקָה — סִימָן רַע לְשׂוֹנְאֵיהֶם שֶׁל יִשְׂרָאֵל. מִפְּנֵי שֶׁיִּשְׂרָאֵל מוֹנִין לַלְּבָנָה, וְגוֹיִם לַחַמָּה. לוֹקָה בַּמִּזְרָח — סִימָן רַע לְיוֹשְׁבֵי מִזְרָח. בַּמַּעֲרָב — סִימָן רַע לְיוֹשְׁבֵי מַעֲרָב. בְּאֶמְצַע הָרָקִיעַ — סִימָן רַע לְכׇל הָעוֹלָם כּוּלּוֹ.

Sukkah 29a:10

The Sages taught in another baraita: When the sun is eclipsed, it is a bad omen for the other nations. When the moon is eclipsed, it is a bad omen for the enemies of the Jewish people. This is due to the fact that the Jewish people calculate their calendar primarily based on the moon, and the other nations calculate based on the sun. When the sun is eclipsed in the east, it is a bad omen for the residents of the lands of the east. When it is eclipsed in the west, it is a bad omen for the residents of the lands of the west. When it is eclipsed in the middle of the sky, it is a bad omen for the entire world.

סוכה כ״ט א:י״ב

וְאֵין לְךָ כׇּל אוּמָּה וְאוּמָּהּ שֶׁלּוֹקָה, שֶׁאֵין אֱלֹהֶיהָ לוֹקֶה עִמָּהּ, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: ״וּבְכׇל אֱלֹהֵי מִצְרַיִם אֶעֱשֶׂה שְׁפָטִים״. וּבִזְמַן שֶׁיִּשְׂרָאֵל עוֹשִׂין רְצוֹנוֹ שֶׁל מָקוֹם אֵין מִתְיָרְאִין מִכׇּל אֵלּוּ, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: ״כֹּה אָמַר ה׳ אֶל דֶּרֶךְ הַגּוֹיִם אַל תִּלְמָדוּ וּמֵאוֹתוֹת הַשָּׁמַיִם אַל תֵּחָתּוּ כִּי יֵחַתּוּ הַגּוֹיִם מֵהֵמָּה״ — גּוֹיִם יֵחַתּוּ, וְאֵין יִשְׂרָאֵל יֵחַתּוּ.

Sukkah 29a:12

The Sages said: There is no nation that is afflicted whose god is not afflicted with it, as it is stated: “And against all the gods of Egypt I will mete out judgment; I am God” (Exodus 12:12). The Gemara adds: When the Jewish people perform God’s will, they need not fear any of these omens, as it is stated: “Thus says the Lord: Learn not the way of the nations, and be not dismayed at the signs of Heaven; for the nations are dismayed at them” (Jeremiah 10:2). The nations will be dismayed, but the Jewish people will not be dismayed, provided they do not follow the ways of the nations.

The talmud continues to show that eclipses come because of sin. Thus, the eclipse by itself is not a bad omen. Rather, only if it indicates sin would it be considered a bad thing.

כתובות ע״ז ב:ט׳

אֲזַל, אַשְׁכְּחֵיהּ לְרַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן בֶּן יוֹחַאי דַּהֲוָה יָתֵיב עַל תְּלָת עֲשַׂר תַּכְטָקֵי פִּיזָּא. אֲמַר לֵיהּ: אַתְּ הוּא בַּר לֵיוַאי? אֲמַר לֵיהּ: הֵן. נִרְאֲתָה קֶשֶׁת בְּיָמֶיךָ? אֲמַר לֵיהּ: הֵן. אִם כֵּן, אִי אַתָּה בַּר לֵיוַאי. וְלָא הִיא, דְּלָא הֲוַאי מִידֵּי. אֶלָּא סָבַר: לָא אַחְזֵיק טֵיבוּתָא לְנַפְשַׁאי.

Ketubot 77b:9

Rabbi Yehoshua ben Levi went and found in paradise Rabbi Shimon ben Yoḥai sitting on thirteen golden stools [takhtekei]. Rabbi Shimon ben Yoḥai said to him: Are you the son of Levi? He said to him: Yes. Rabbi Shimon said to him: Was a rainbow ever seen in your days? He said: Yes. Rabbi Shimon retorted: If so, you are not the son of Levi, as he is a completely righteous man. During the lifetimes of completely righteous people no rainbows are visible, as they are a sign that the world deserves to be destroyed by a flood; whereas the merit of the righteous protects the world from such things. The Gemara comments: And that is not so, for there was no rainbow seen at all during the lifetime of Rabbi Yehoshua, but he thought: I do not want to take credit for myself by presenting myself as such a righteous person.

Although a Rainbow is a bad omen in the same way an eclipse is, as describe in Sukkot, we regularly make a blessing. Thus, we do make blessings on bad omens.

פניני הלכה, ברכות ט״ו:ו׳:ח׳

יש אומרים שעל כל תופעת טבע מיוחדת, כדוגמת הר געש בהתפרצותו, גייזר, מפלי מים מרשימים וליקוי חמה או לבנה, צריכים לברך, ומה שחכמים מנו אינו אלא דוגמא. ויש שמסתפקים בזה. למעשה, ראוי למתפעל מהם לברך.

Peninei Halakhah, Berakhot 15:6:8

There are those who say that on any special natural phenomina, such as an erupting volcanot, a gyeser, impressive waterfals, a solar or lunar eclipse, one is required to make a blessing, and what the sages listed is just an example. And some are doubtful about this. In practice, a person who is impressed should bless.

The below suppliemental sources indicate that we don't refrain from making a b'racha when something is considered a bad sign. This is drawn from the fact what we don't see the talmud making conditions on when we make the blessing for rain, or comets.
If it were true that we did not make blessings when something is considered a bad sign, we would not make the blessing for rain until after Sukkot is over, or only when the entire country receives rain.
Similarly, the Talmud's statement that we make a blessing for comets would not include situations where it is considered a "bad sign" according to the Talmud.
Thus, the only question is whether the list given in the Mishnah is exhaustive or not, but the omen issue is not decisive.

תענית ו׳ ב:ט״ו

אָמַר רַבִּי אֲבָהוּ: מֵאֵימָתַי מְבָרְכִין עַל הַגְּשָׁמִים — מִשֶּׁיֵּצֵא חָתָן לִקְרַאת כַּלָּה.

Taanit 6b:15

Rabbi Abbahu said: From when does one recite a blessing over rain? From when the groom goes out to meet the bride, that is, when there are puddles of water on the ground such that the water below, represented as the bride in this metaphor, is splashed from above by the raindrops, represented as the groom.

תענית ו׳ ב:ט״ז

מַאי מְבָרֵךְ? אָמַר רַב יְהוּדָה אָמַר רַב: ״מוֹדִים אֲנַחְנוּ לָךְ ה׳ אֱלֹהֵינוּ עַל כׇּל טִפָּה וְטִפָּה שֶׁהוֹרַדְתָּ לָנוּ״. וְרַבִּי יוֹחָנָן מְסַיֵּים בַּהּ הָכִי: ״אִילּוּ פִינוּ מָלֵא שִׁירָה כַּיָּם וּלְשׁוֹנֵנוּ רִנָּה כַּהֲמוֹן גַּלָּיו כּוּ׳״, עַד ״אַל יַעְזְבוּנוּ רַחֲמֶיךָ ה׳ אֱלֹהֵינוּ וְלֹא עֲזָבוּנוּ, בָּרוּךְ רוֹב הַהוֹדָאוֹת״.

Taanit 6b:16

The Gemara asks: What blessing does one recite over rain? Rav Yehuda said that Rav said: We thank you, O Lord our God, for each and every drop that You have made fall for us. And Rabbi Yoḥanan concludes the blessing as follows: If our mouth were as full of song as the sea, and our tongue with singing like the multitude of its waves, etc. And one continues with the formula of the nishmat prayer recited on Shabbat morning, until: May Your mercy not forsake us, O Lord our God, and You have not forsaken us. Blessed are You, O Lord, to Whom abundant thanksgivings are offered.

משנה תורה, הלכות ברכות י׳:ה׳

יָרְדוּ גְּשָׁמִים רַבִּים. אִם יֵשׁ לוֹ שָׂדֶה מְבָרֵךְ שֶׁהֶחֱיָנוּ. וְאִם הָיְתָה שֶׁלּוֹ וְשֶׁל אֲחֵרִים מְבָרֵךְ הַטּוֹב וְהַמֵּטִיב. וְאִם אֵין לוֹ שָׂדֶה מְבָרֵךְ מוֹדִים אֲנַחְנוּ לָךְ יְיָ׳‎ אֱלֹהֵינוּ עַל כָּל טִפָּה וְטִפָּה שֶׁהוֹרַדְתָּ לָנוּ וְאִלּוּ פִינוּ מָלֵא כוּ׳‎ עַד הֵן הֵם יוֹדוּ וִישַׁבְּחוּ וִיבָרְכוּ אֶת שִׁמְךָ מַלְכֵּנוּ בָּרוּךְ אַתָּה יְיָ׳‎ אֵל רֹב הַהוֹדָאוֹת וְהַתִּשְׁבָּחוֹת:

Mishneh Torah, Blessings 10:5

[The following rules govern the recitation of blessings for] abundant rainfall: If one owns a field [individually], he should recite the blessing shehecheyanu. If one owns it in partnership with others, he should recite the blessing hatov v’hameitiv. If one does not own a field, he should recite the following blessing:
We thankfully acknowledge You, God, our Lord, for each and every drop that you have caused to descend for us. If our mouths were filled.... They shall all give thanks, praise, and bless Your name, our King. Blessed are You, God, the Almighty, who is worthy of manifold thanksgiving and praise.

משנה תורה, הלכות ברכות י׳:ו׳

מֵאֵימָתַי מְבָרְכִין עַל הַגְּשָׁמִים מִשֶּׁיִּרְבֶּה הַמַּיִם עַל הָאָרֶץ וְיַעֲלוּ אֲבַעְבּוּעוֹת מִן הַמָּטָר עַל פְּנֵי הַמַּיִם וְיֵלְכוּ הָאֲבַעְבּוּעוֹת זֶה לִקְרַאת זֶה:

Mishneh Torah, Blessings 10:6

When should the blessing be recited? When much water collects on the face of the earth, the raindrops cause bubbles to form in the rain that has already collected, and the bubbles begin to flow one into another.

משנה תורה, הלכות ברכות י׳:י״ד

עַל הָרוּחוֹת שֶׁנָּשְׁבוּ בְּזַעַף וְעַל הַבְּרָקִים וְעַל הָרְעָמִים וְעַל קוֹל הַהֲבָרָה שֶׁתִּשָּׁמַע בָּאָרֶץ כְּמוֹ רֵיחַיִם גְּדוֹלִים וְעַל הָאוּר שֶׁבַּאֲוִיר שֶׁיֵּרָאוּ כְּאִלּוּ הֵם כּוֹכָבִים נוֹפְלִים וְרָצִים מִמָּקוֹם לְמָקוֹם אוֹ כְּמוֹ כּוֹכָבִים שֶׁיֵּשׁ לָהֶם זָנָב עַל כָּל אֶחָד מֵאֵלּוּ מְבָרֵךְ בָּרוּךְ שֶׁכֹּחוֹ וּגְבוּרָתוֹ מָלֵא עוֹלָם. וְאִם רָצָה מְבָרֵךְ עוֹשֶׂה בְּרֵאשִׁית:

Mishneh Torah, Blessings 10:14

[When one perceives] any of the following: winds that blow extremely powerfully, lightning, thunder, loud rumblings that sound like large mills when they are heard on the earth, shooting stars, or comets, he should recite the blessing:
[Blessed are You, God, our Lord, King of the universe,] whose power and might fill up the world.
If one desires, he may recite the blessing:
[Blessed are You, God, our Lord, King of the universe,] who performs the work of creation.

משנה תורה, הלכות ברכות י׳:ט״ו

עַל הֶהָרִים וְעַל הַגְּבָעוֹת עַל הַיַּמִּים וְעַל הַמִּדְבָּרוֹת וְעַל הַנְּהָרוֹת אִם רָאָה אַחַת מֵהֶן מִשְּׁלֹשִׁים יוֹם לִשְׁלֹשִׁים יוֹם מְבָרֵךְ עוֹשֶׂה בְּרֵאשִׁית. הָרוֹאֶה אֶת הַיָּם הַגָּדוֹל מִשְּׁלֹשִׁים יוֹם לִשְׁלֹשִׁים יוֹם אוֹ יוֹתֵר מְבָרֵךְ בָּרוּךְ אַתָּה יְיָ׳‎ אֱלֹהֵינוּ מֶלֶךְ הָעוֹלָם שֶׁעָשָׂה אֶת הַיָּם הַגָּדוֹל:

Mishneh Torah, Blessings 10:15

Whenever one sees mountains, hills, seas, deserts, or rivers after a thirty day interval, he should recite the blessing "who performs the work of creation."
A person who sees the ocean after an interval of thirty days or more should recite the blessing:
[Blessed are You, God, our Lord, King of the universe,] who created the ocean.

My opinion?

There is no clear textual source to or not to make a blessing, with opinions only appearing (to my knowledge) after the Shulchan Aruch.
There is clear importance of making a blessing to reject the pagan notions of moon gods or whatever mating or being killed
The current tradition of not making a blessing is an error that instead of rejecting pagan notions or bad luck, emphasizes erroneous notions of how the world works and fails to appreciate how God created the laws of nature
Thus, the proper response to seeing an impressive testament to the awesome power, consistency, and apparent design of nature is to make a blessing.