Haman & Cain: Confronting Evil

(א) וְהָ֣אָדָ֔ם יָדַ֖ע אֶת־חַוָּ֣ה אִשְׁתּ֑וֹ וַתַּ֙הַר֙ וַתֵּ֣לֶד אֶת־קַ֔יִן וַתֹּ֕אמֶר קָנִ֥יתִי אִ֖ישׁ אֶת־ה'׃

(ב) וַתֹּ֣סֶף לָלֶ֔דֶת אֶת־אָחִ֖יו אֶת־הָ֑בֶל וַֽיְהִי־הֶ֙בֶל֙ רֹ֣עֵה צֹ֔אן וְקַ֕יִן הָיָ֖ה עֹבֵ֥ד אֲדָמָֽה׃ (ג) וַֽיְהִ֖י מִקֵּ֣ץ יָמִ֑ים וַיָּבֵ֨א קַ֜יִן מִפְּרִ֧י הָֽאֲדָמָ֛ה מִנְחָ֖ה לַֽה'׃

(ד) וְהֶ֨בֶל הֵבִ֥יא גַם־ה֛וּא מִבְּכֹר֥וֹת צֹאנ֖וֹ וּמֵֽחֶלְבֵהֶ֑ן וַיִּ֣שַׁע ה' אֶל־הֶ֖בֶל וְאֶל־מִנְחָתֽוֹ׃ (ה) וְאֶל־קַ֥יִן וְאֶל־מִנְחָת֖וֹ לֹ֣א שָׁעָ֑ה וַיִּ֤חַר לְקַ֙יִן֙ מְאֹ֔ד וַֽיִּפְּל֖וּ פָּנָֽיו׃

(ו) וַיֹּ֥אמֶר ה' אֶל־קָ֑יִן

לָ֚מָּה חָ֣רָה לָ֔ךְ

וְלָ֖מָּה נָפְל֥וּ פָנֶֽיךָ׃

(ז) הֲל֤וֹא אִם־תֵּיטִיב֙ שְׂאֵ֔ת

וְאִם֙ לֹ֣א תֵיטִ֔יב

לַפֶּ֖תַח חַטָּ֣את רֹבֵ֑ץ

וְאֵלֶ֙יךָ֙ תְּשׁ֣וּקָת֔וֹ

וְאַתָּ֖ה תִּמְשָׁל־בּֽוֹ׃

(ח) וַיֹּ֥אמֶר קַ֖יִן אֶל־הֶ֣בֶל אָחִ֑יו וַֽיְהִי֙ בִּהְיוֹתָ֣ם בַּשָּׂדֶ֔ה וַיָּ֥קָם קַ֛יִן אֶל־הֶ֥בֶל אָחִ֖יו וַיַּהַרְגֵֽהוּ׃

(1) And the human knew Eve his woman and she conceived and bore Cain, and she said, "I have got me a man with the Lord."

(2) And she bore as well his brother, Abel, and Abel became a herder of sheep while Cain was a tiller of soul.

(3) And it happened in the course of time that Cain brought from the fruit of the soil an offering to God.

(4) And Abel too had brought from the choice firstlings of his flock, and God regarded Abel and his offering

(5) but He did not regard Cain and his offering, and Cain was very incensed, and his face fell.

(6) And God said to Cain:

Why are you incensed,

and why is your face fallen?

(7) For if you will improve--there is release

if not--sin crouches at your door

and for you is its longing

but you may rule over it.

(8) And Cain said to Abel his brother…and when they were in the field, Cain rose against Abel his brother and killed him.

(ח) וַיֹּ֤אמֶר הָמָן֙ לַמֶּ֣לֶךְ אֲחַשְׁוֵר֔וֹשׁ יֶשְׁנ֣וֹ עַם־אֶחָ֗ד מְפֻזָּ֤ר וּמְפֹרָד֙ בֵּ֣ין הָֽעַמִּ֔ים בְּכֹ֖ל מְדִינ֣וֹת מַלְכוּתֶ֑ךָ וְדָתֵיהֶ֞ם שֹׁנ֣וֹת מִכָּל־עָ֗ם וְאֶת־דָּתֵ֤י הַמֶּ֙לֶךְ֙ אֵינָ֣ם עֹשִׂ֔ים וְלַמֶּ֥לֶךְ אֵין־שֹׁוֶ֖ה לְהַנִּיחָֽם׃ (ט) אִם־עַל־הַמֶּ֣לֶךְ ט֔וֹב יִכָּתֵ֖ב לְאַבְּדָ֑ם וַעֲשֶׂ֨רֶת אֲלָפִ֜ים כִּכַּר־כֶּ֗סֶף אֶשְׁקוֹל֙ עַל־יְדֵי֙ עֹשֵׂ֣י הַמְּלָאכָ֔ה לְהָבִ֖יא אֶל־גִּנְזֵ֥י הַמֶּֽלֶךְ׃ (י) וַיָּ֧סַר הַמֶּ֛לֶךְ אֶת־טַבַּעְתּ֖וֹ מֵעַ֣ל יָד֑וֹ וַֽיִּתְּנָ֗הּ לְהָמָ֧ן בֶּֽן־הַמְּדָ֛תָא הָאֲגָגִ֖י צֹרֵ֥ר הַיְּהוּדִֽים׃

(8) Haman then said to King Ahasuerus, “There is a certain people, scattered and separate from the peoples in all the provinces of your realm, whose laws are different from those of any other people and who do not obey the king’s laws; and it does not pay for the king to tolerate them. (9) If it please the king, let an edict be written for their destruction, and I will pay ten thousand talents of silver to the court overseers for deposit in the royal treasury.” (10) And the king removed his ring from his hand and gave it to Haman son of Hammedatha the Agagite, the foe of the Jews.

Haman genocidal mania comes in response to Mordecai's unwillingness to bow before him.

1. Think of a concrete example of a time when you felt disrespected.

2. How did it feel? What kinds of fantasies of reprisal did/do you harbor?

Like Haman, Cain is adding to his own suffering.

1. God's response to Cain, while cryptic, remains an essential lesson of wisdom. Restate the lesson in your own words.

2. Can you think an example from your life that is emblematic of this lesson?

(טז) חָכָ֣ם יָ֭רֵא וְסָ֣ר מֵרָ֑ע וּ֝כְסִ֗יל מִתְעַבֵּ֥ר וּבוֹטֵֽחַ׃

A wise man is cautious and turns from evil,

But a fool rages confidently.

(כא) רַבִּי אֶלְעָזָר הַקַּפָּר אוֹמֵר, הַקִּנְאָה וְהַתַּאֲוָה וְהַכָּבוֹד, מוֹצִיאִין אֶת הָאָדָם מִן הָעוֹלָם:

(21) Rabbi Elazar HaKapor says: Envy, lust and honor drive a man from the world.

Paradise Lost

So will fall

He and his faithless progeny: whose fault?

Whose but his own?ingrate, he had of me

All he could have: I made him just and right,

sufficient to have stood, though free to fall.

--Milton; 3:96-99