שָׁלֹשׁ רְגָלִים, תָּחֹג לִי בַּשָּׁנָה. אֶת-חַג הַמַּצּוֹת, תִּשְׁמֹר--שִׁבְעַת יָמִים תֹּאכַל מַצּוֹת כַּאֲשֶׁר צִוִּיתִךָ לְמוֹעֵד חֹדֶשׁ הָאָבִיב, כִּי-בוֹ יָצָאתָ מִמִּצְרָיִם; וְלֹא-יֵרָאוּ פָנַי, רֵיקָם. וְחַג הַקָּצִיר בִּכּוּרֵי מַעֲשֶׂיךָ, אֲשֶׁר תִּזְרַע בַּשָּׂדֶה; וְחַג הָאָסִף
בְּצֵאת הַשָּׁנָה, בְּאָסְפְּךָ אֶת-מַעֲשֶׂיךָ מִן-הַשָּׂדֶה.
Three times a year you shall hold a festival for Me: You shall observe the Feast of Unleavened Bread - eating unleavened bread for seven days as I have commanded you - at the set time in the month of Abib, for in it you went forth from Egypt; and none shall appear before Me empty handed; and the Feast of the Harvest, of the first fruits of your work, of what you sow in the field; and the Feast of Ingathering at the end of the year, when you gather in the results of your work from the field. [JPS translation]
Suggested Discussion Questions:
1. These three feasts are the Jewish festivals of Pesach, Shavuot, and Sukkot. In what ways are they agricultural holidays?
2. What is the significance of the fact the three major Jewish holidays are described here as centered around an agricultural marker?
3. How can we understand these holidays as agricultural holidays today?
Time Period: Biblical (early ancestors to 165 BCE)