Exodus 8:4-9
ד) וַיִּקְרָא פַרְעֹה לְמֹשֶׁה וּלְאַהֲרֹן וַיֹּאמֶר הַעְתִּירוּ אֶל ה' וְיָסֵר הַצְפַרְדְּעִים מִמֶּנִּי וּמֵעַמִּי וַאֲשַׁלְּחָה אֶת הָעָם וְיִזְבְּחוּ לַה': ה) וַיֹּאמֶר מֹשֶׁה לְפַרְעֹה הִתְפָּאֵר עָלַי לְמָתַי ׀ אַעְתִּיר לְךָ וְלַעֲבָדֶיךָ וּלְעַמְּךָ לְהַכְרִית הַצְפַרְדְּעִים מִמְּךָ וּמִבָּתֶּיךָ רַק בַּיְאֹר תִּשָּׁאַרְנָה: ו) וַיֹּאמֶר לְמָחָר וַיֹּאמֶר כִּדְבָרְךָ לְמַעַן תֵּדַע כִּי אֵין כַּה' אֱלֹקֵינוּ: ז) וְסָרוּ הַצְפַרְדְּעִים מִמְּךָ וּמִבָּתֶּיךָ וּמֵעֲבָדֶיךָ וּמֵעַמֶּךָ רַק בַּיְאֹר תִּשָּׁאַרְנָה: ח) וַיֵּצֵא מֹשֶׁה וְאַהֲרֹן מֵעִם פַּרְעֹה וַיִּצְעַק מֹשֶׁה אֶל ה' עַל דְּבַר הַצְפַרְדְּעִים אֲשֶׁר שָׂם לְפַרְעֹה: ט) וַיַּעַשׂ ה' כִּדְבַר מֹשֶׁה וַיָּמֻתוּ הַצְפַרְדְּעִים מִן הַבָּתִּים מִן הַחֲצֵרֹת וּמִן הַשָּׂדֹת:
Thereupon, Pharaoh summoned Moses and Aaron, and said, "Entreat Adonai that God remove the frogs from me and from my people, and I will let out the people [of Israel] so that they may sacrifice to Adonai." And Moses said to Pharaoh, "Boast [of your superiority] over me. For when shall I entreat for you, for your servants, and for your people, to destroy the frogs from you and from your houses, [that] they should remain only in the Nile?" And he [Pharaoh] said, "For tomorrow." And he [Moses] said, "As you say, in order that you should know that there is none like Adonai, our God. And the frogs will depart from you and from your houses and from your servants and from your people; only in the Nile will they remain." And Moses and Aaron went away from Pharaoh, and Moses cried out to Adonai concerning the frogs that Adonai had brought upon Pharaoh. And Adonai did according to Moses' word, and the frogs died from the houses, from the courtyards, and from the fields. [Translation by Judaica Press, edited for gender neutrality]

Suggested Discussion Questions:

1. How were the frogs a plague on the Egyptians?

2. What did the frogs symbolize?

3. In what way can nature become a plague? Can you think of some examples today?

Time Period: Biblical (early ancestors to 165 BCE)