Babylonian Talmud, Pesachim 113b
תלמוד בבלי מסכת פסחים דף קיג עמוד ב
ארבעה אין הדעת סובלתן, אלו הן: דל גאה, ועשיר מכחש, וזקן מנאף, ופרנס מתגאה על הציבור בחנם.
There are four kinds of people no one can stand: A poor person who is arrogant, the wealthy person who flatters, a lecherous old man, and a leader who is arrogant towards the community without cause. [Translation by AJWS]

Suggested Discussion Questions:

1. Why are each of these four considered intolerable? What do they all share in common?

2. What opposite traits does this advocate that we each strive to emulate? Why?

Time Period: Rabbinic (Maccabees through the Talmud)