{"ref": "II Kings 23:8-20", "heRef": "מלכים ב כ״ג:ח׳-כ׳", "isComplex": false, "text": ["At the king’s summons, all the elders of Judah and Jerusalem assembled before him. ", "The king went up to the House of G<small>OD</small>, together with the entire citizenry of Judah and all the inhabitants of Jerusalem, and the priests and prophets—all the people, young and old.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">a</sup><i class=\"footnote\"><b>young and old </b>Or “from small to great.”</i> And he read to them the entire text of the covenant scroll that had been found in the House of G<small>OD</small>. ", "The king stood by the pillar<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">b</sup><i class=\"footnote\"><b>by the pillar </b>Or “on a platform,” cf. Targum.</i> and solemnized the covenant before G<small>OD</small>: that they would follow G<small>OD</small> and observe God’s commandments, injunctions, and laws with all their heart and soul; that they would fulfill all the terms of this covenant as inscribed upon the scroll. And all the people entered into<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">c</sup><i class=\"footnote\"><b>entered into </b>Cf. Targum.</i> the covenant.", "Then the king ordered the high priest Hilkiah, the priests of the second rank, and the guards of the threshold to bring out of the Temple of G<small>OD</small> all the objects made for Baal and Asherah<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">d</sup><i class=\"footnote\"><b>Asherah </b>For this goddess, cf. 1 Kings 18.19; ordinarily <i>ʼasherah</i> is rendered “sacred post,” e.g., 2 Kings 17.16.</i> and all the host of heaven. He burned them outside Jerusalem in the fields<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">e</sup><i class=\"footnote\"><b>fields </b>Meaning of Heb. uncertain.</i> of Kidron, and he removed the ashes to Bethel. ", "He suppressed the idolatrous priests whom the kings of Judah had appointed to make offerings<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">f</sup><i class=\"footnote\"><b>to make offerings </b>Lit. “and he offered.”</i> at the shrines in the towns of Judah and in the environs of Jerusalem, and those who made offerings to Baal, to the sun and moon and constellations—all the host of heaven. ", "He brought out the [image of] Asherah from the House of G<small>OD</small> to the Kidron Valley outside Jerusalem, and burned it in the Kidron Valley; he beat it to dust and scattered its dust over the burial ground of the common people. ", "He tore down the cubicles of the consecrated workers<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">g</sup><i class=\"footnote\"><b>consecrated workers </b>Or “retainers”; meaning of Heb. <i>qedeshim</i> uncertain.</i> in the House of G<small>OD</small>, at the place where the women wove coverings<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">h</sup><i class=\"footnote\"><b>coverings </b>Meaning of Heb. uncertain.</i> for Asherah.", "He brought all the priests from the towns of Judah [to Jerusalem] and defiled the shrines where the priests had been making offerings—from Geba to Beer-sheba. He also demolished the shrines of the gates that were at the entrance of the gate of Joshua, the city prefect—which were on the left as one [entered] the city gate.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">i</sup><i class=\"footnote\"><b>which were on the left … gate </b>Meaning of Heb. uncertain.</i> ", "<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">j</sup><i class=\"footnote\">This verse may be understood in connection with vv. 21–23.</i> The priests of the shrines, however, did not ascend the altar of G<small>OD</small> in Jerusalem, but they ate unleavened bread along with their kinsmen. ", "He also defiled Topheth, which is in the Valley of Ben-hinnom, so that no one might consign their son or daughter to the fire of Molech. ", "He did away with the horses that the kings of Judah had dedicated to the sun, at the entrance<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">k</sup><i class=\"footnote\"><b>at the entrance </b>Heb. “from entering.”</i> of the House of G<small>OD</small>, near the chamber of the eunuch Nathan-melech, which was in the precincts.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">l</sup><i class=\"footnote\"><b>precincts </b>Meaning of Heb. uncertain.</i> He burned the chariots of the sun. ", "And the king tore down the altars made by the kings of Judah on the roof by the upper chamber of Ahaz, and the altars made by Manasseh in the two courts of the House of G<small>OD</small>. He removed them quickly from there<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">m</sup><i class=\"footnote\"><b>removed them quickly from there </b>Heb. “ran from there.” Emendation yields “smashed them there.”</i> and scattered their rubble in the Kidron Valley. ", "The king also defiled the shrines facing Jerusalem, to the south of the Mount of the Destroyer,<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">n</sup><i class=\"footnote\"><b>Mount of the Destroyer </b>Heb. <i>har ha-mashḥith</i>: a derogatory play on <i>har ha-mishḥah</i> (“Mount of Ointment”); Mishnah Middoth 2.4.</i> which King Solomon of Israel had built for Ashtoreth, the abomination of the Sidonians, for Chemosh, the abomination of Moab, and for Milcom, the detestable thing of the Ammonites.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">o</sup><i class=\"footnote\"><b>the shrines … which King Solomon of Israel had built … Ammonites </b>Cf. 1 Kings 11.5, 7.</i> ", "He shattered their pillars and cut down their sacred posts<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">p</sup><i class=\"footnote\"><b>sacred posts </b>See note at 13.6.</i> and covered their sites with human bones.", "As for the altar in Bethel [and] the shrine made by Jeroboam son of Nebat who caused Israel to sin—that altar, too, and the shrine as well, he tore down. He burned down the shrine and beat it to dust, and he burned the sacred post.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">q</sup><i class=\"footnote\"><b>sacred post </b>See note at 13.6.</i> ", "Josiah turned and saw the graves that were there on the hill; and he had the bones taken out of the graves and burned on the altar. Thus he defiled it, in fulfillment of the word of G<small>OD</small> foretold by the agent of God who foretold these happenings. ", "He asked, “What is the marker I see there?” And the townspeople replied, “That is the grave of the agent of God who came from Judah and foretold these things that you have done to the altar of Bethel.”<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">r</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Cf. 1 Kings 13.1–3.</i> ", "“Let him be,” he said, “let no one disturb his bones.” So they left his bones undisturbed together with the bones of the prophet<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">s</sup><i class=\"footnote\"><b>together with the bones of the prophet </b>See 1 Kings 13.31–32 and next note.</i> who came from Samaria.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">t</sup><i class=\"footnote\"><b>Samaria </b>The prophet lived in Bethel, which, in Josiah’s time, was part of the Assyrian province of Samaria.</i> ", "Josiah also abolished all the cult places that the kings of Israel had built in the towns of Samaria, vexing [G<small>OD</small>]. He dealt with them just as he had done to Bethel: ", "He slew on the altars all the priests of the shrines who were there, and he burned human bones on them. Then he returned to Jerusalem.", "The king commanded all the people, “Offer the passover sacrifice to the E<small>TERNAL</small> your God as prescribed in this scroll of the covenant.” ", "Now the passover sacrifice had not been offered in that manner in the days of the chieftains who ruled Israel, or during the days of the kings of Israel and the kings of Judah. ", "Only in the eighteenth year of King Josiah was such a passover sacrifice offered in that manner to G<small>OD</small> in Jerusalem.", "Josiah also did away with the necromancers and the mediums,<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">u</sup><i class=\"footnote\"><b>the necromancers and the mediums </b>Lit. “the ghosts and the familiar spirits.”</i> the oracle idols and the fetishes—all the detestable things that were to be seen in the land of Judah and Jerusalem. Thus he fulfilled the terms of the Teaching recorded in the scroll that the priest Hilkiah had found in the House of G<small>OD</small>. ", "There was no king like him before who turned back to G<small>OD</small> with all his heart and soul and might, in full accord with the Teaching of Moses; nor did any like him arise after him.", "However, G<small>OD</small> did not turn away from the awesome wrath that had blazed up against Judah because of all the things Manasseh did to provoke God’s anger. ", " G<small>OD</small> said, “I will also banish Judah from My presence as I banished Israel; and I will reject the city of Jerusalem that I chose and the House where I said My name would abide.”", "The other events of Josiah’s reign, and all his actions, are recorded in the Annals of the Kings of Judah. ", "In his days, Pharaoh Neco, king of Egypt, marched against the king of Assyria<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">v</sup><i class=\"footnote\"><b>Assyria </b>I.e., the Chaldean Empire; cf. Isa. 52.4 and note.</i> to the River Euphrates; King Josiah marched toward him, but when he confronted him at Megiddo, [Pharaoh Neco] slew him. ", "His servants conveyed his body in a chariot from Megiddo to Jerusalem, and they buried him in his tomb. Then the people of the land took Jehoahaz; they anointed him and made him king in place of his father.", "Jehoahaz was twenty-three years old when he became king, and he reigned three months in Jerusalem; his mother’s name was Hamutal daughter of Jeremiah of Libnah. ", "He did what was displeasing to G<small>OD</small>, just as his predecessors had done. ", "Pharaoh Neco imprisoned him in Riblah in the region of Hamath, to keep him from reigning in Jerusalem. And he imposed on the land an indemnity of one hundred talents of silver and a talent of gold. ", "Then Pharaoh Neco appointed Eliakim son of Josiah king in place of his father Josiah, changing his name to Jehoiakim. He took Jehoahaz and brought him<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">w</sup><i class=\"footnote\"><b>brought him </b>So 2 Chron. 36.4; Heb. here “he came.”</i> to Egypt, where he died. ", "Jehoiakim gave Pharaoh the silver and the gold, and he made an assessment on the land to pay the money demanded by Pharaoh. He exacted from the people of the land the silver and gold to be paid Pharaoh Neco, each [holding] according to its assessment.", "Jehoiakim was twenty-five years old when he became king, and he reigned eleven years in Jerusalem; his mother’s name was Zebudah daughter of Pedaiah of Rumah. ", "He did what was displeasing to G<small>OD</small>, just as his ancestors had done."], "he": ["וַיִּשְׁלַ֖ח הַמֶּ֑לֶךְ וַיַּאַסְפ֣וּ אֵלָ֔יו כׇּל־זִקְנֵ֥י יְהוּדָ֖ה וִירוּשָׁלָֽ͏ִם׃", "וַיַּ֣עַל הַמֶּ֣לֶךְ בֵּית־יְהֹוָ֡ה וְכׇל־אִ֣ישׁ יְהוּדָה֩ וְכׇל־יֹשְׁבֵ֨י יְרוּשָׁלַ֜͏ִם אִתּ֗וֹ וְהַכֹּֽהֲנִים֙ וְהַנְּבִיאִ֔ים וְכׇל־הָעָ֖ם לְמִקָּטֹ֣ן וְעַד־גָּד֑וֹל וַיִּקְרָ֣א בְאׇזְנֵיהֶ֗ם אֶת־כׇּל־דִּבְרֵי֙ סֵ֣פֶר הַבְּרִ֔ית הַנִּמְצָ֖א בְּבֵ֥ית יְהֹוָֽה׃", "וַיַּעֲמֹ֣ד הַ֠מֶּ֠לֶךְ עַֽל־הָ֨עַמּ֜וּד וַיִּכְרֹ֥ת אֶֽת־הַבְּרִ֣ית&thinsp;<b>׀</b> לִפְנֵ֣י יְהֹוָ֗ה לָלֶ֜כֶת אַחַ֤ר יְהֹוָה֙ וְלִשְׁמֹ֨ר מִצְוֺתָ֜יו וְאֶת־עֵדְוֺתָ֤יו וְאֶת־חֻקֹּתָיו֙ בְּכׇל־לֵ֣ב וּבְכׇל־נֶ֔פֶשׁ לְהָקִ֗ים אֶת־דִּבְרֵי֙ הַבְּרִ֣ית הַזֹּ֔את הַכְּתֻבִ֖ים עַל־הַסֵּ֣פֶר הַזֶּ֑ה וַיַּעֲמֹ֥ד כׇּל־הָעָ֖ם בַּבְּרִֽית׃", "וַיְצַ֣ו הַמֶּ֡לֶךְ אֶת־חִלְקִיָּ֩הוּ֩ הַכֹּהֵ֨ן הַגָּד֜וֹל וְאֶת־כֹּהֲנֵ֣י הַמִּשְׁנֶה֮ וְאֶת־שֹׁמְרֵ֣י הַסַּף֒ לְהוֹצִיא֙ מֵהֵיכַ֣ל יְהֹוָ֔ה אֵ֣ת כׇּל־הַכֵּלִ֗ים הָֽעֲשׂוּיִם֙ לַבַּ֣עַל וְלָאֲשֵׁרָ֔ה וּלְכֹ֖ל צְבָ֣א הַשָּׁמָ֑יִם וַֽיִּשְׂרְפֵ֞ם מִח֤וּץ לִירוּשָׁלַ֙͏ִם֙ בְּשַׁדְמ֣וֹת קִדְר֔וֹן וְנָשָׂ֥א אֶת־עֲפָרָ֖ם בֵּֽית־אֵֽל׃", "וְהִשְׁבִּ֣ית אֶת־הַכְּמָרִ֗ים אֲשֶׁ֤ר נָֽתְנוּ֙ מַלְכֵ֣י יְהוּדָ֔ה וַיְקַטֵּ֤ר בַּבָּמוֹת֙ בְּעָרֵ֣י יְהוּדָ֔ה וּמְסִבֵּ֖י יְרוּשָׁלָ֑͏ִם וְאֶת־הַֽמְקַטְּרִ֣ים לַבַּ֗עַל לַשֶּׁ֤מֶשׁ וְלַיָּרֵ֙חַ֙ וְלַמַּזָּל֔וֹת וּלְכֹ֖ל צְבָ֥א הַשָּׁמָֽיִם׃", "וַיֹּצֵ֣א אֶת־הָאֲשֵׁרָה֩ מִבֵּ֨ית יְהֹוָ֜ה מִח֤וּץ לִירוּשָׁלַ֙͏ִם֙ אֶל־נַ֣חַל קִדְר֔וֹן וַיִּשְׂרֹ֥ף אֹתָ֛הּ בְּנַ֥חַל קִדְר֖וֹן וַיָּ֣דֶק לְעָפָ֑ר וַיַּשְׁלֵךְ֙ אֶת־עֲפָרָ֔הּ עַל־קֶ֖בֶר בְּנֵ֥י הָעָֽם׃", "וַיִּתֹּץ֙ אֶת־בָּתֵּ֣י הַקְּדֵשִׁ֔ים אֲשֶׁ֖ר בְּבֵ֣ית יְהֹוָ֑ה אֲשֶׁ֣ר הַנָּשִׁ֗ים אֹרְג֥וֹת שָׁ֛ם בָּתִּ֖ים לָאֲשֵׁרָֽה׃", "וַיָּבֵ֤א אֶת־כׇּל־הַכֹּֽהֲנִים֙ מֵעָרֵ֣י יְהוּדָ֔ה וַיְטַמֵּ֣א אֶת־הַבָּמ֗וֹת אֲשֶׁ֤ר קִטְּרֽוּ־שָׁ֙מָּה֙ הַכֹּ֣הֲנִ֔ים מִגֶּ֖בַע עַד־בְּאֵ֣ר שָׁ֑בַע וְנָתַ֞ץ אֶת־בָּמ֣וֹת הַשְּׁעָרִ֗ים אֲשֶׁר־פֶּ֜תַח שַׁ֤עַר יְהוֹשֻׁ֙עַ֙ שַׂר־הָעִ֔יר אֲשֶֽׁר־עַל־שְׂמֹ֥אול אִ֖ישׁ בְּשַׁ֥עַר הָעִֽיר׃", "אַ֗ךְ לֹ֤א יַעֲלוּ֙ כֹּהֲנֵ֣י הַבָּמ֔וֹת אֶל־מִזְבַּ֥ח יְהֹוָ֖ה בִּירוּשָׁלָ֑͏ִם כִּ֛י אִם־אָכְל֥וּ מַצּ֖וֹת בְּת֥וֹךְ אֲחֵיהֶֽם׃", "וְטִמֵּ֣א אֶת־הַתֹּ֔פֶת אֲשֶׁ֖ר בְּגֵ֣י <span class=\"mam-kq\"><span class=\"mam-kq-k\">(בני)</span> <span class=\"mam-kq-q\">[בֶן־]</span></span>הִנֹּ֑ם לְבִלְתִּ֗י לְהַעֲבִ֨יר אִ֜ישׁ אֶת־בְּנ֧וֹ וְאֶת־בִּתּ֛וֹ בָּאֵ֖שׁ לַמֹּֽלֶךְ׃", "וַיַּשְׁבֵּ֣ת אֶת־הַסּוּסִ֗ים אֲשֶׁ֣ר נָתְנוּ֩ מַלְכֵ֨י יְהוּדָ֤ה לַשֶּׁ֙מֶשׁ֙ מִבֹּ֣א בֵית־יְהֹוָ֔ה אֶל־לִשְׁכַּת֙ נְתַן־מֶ֣לֶךְ הַסָּרִ֔יס אֲשֶׁ֖ר בַּפַּרְוָרִ֑ים וְאֶת־מַרְכְּב֥וֹת הַשֶּׁ֖מֶשׁ שָׂרַ֥ף בָּאֵֽשׁ׃", "וְאֶת־הַֽמִּזְבְּח֡וֹת אֲשֶׁ֣ר עַל־הַגָּג֩ עֲלִיַּ֨ת אָחָ֜ז אֲשֶׁר־עָשׂ֣וּ&thinsp;<b>׀</b> מַלְכֵ֣י יְהוּדָ֗ה וְאֶת־הַֽמִּזְבְּחוֹת֙ אֲשֶׁר־עָשָׂ֣ה מְנַשֶּׁ֗ה בִּשְׁתֵּ֛י חַצְר֥וֹת בֵּית־יְהֹוָ֖ה נָתַ֣ץ הַמֶּ֑לֶךְ וַיָּ֣רׇץ מִשָּׁ֔ם וְהִשְׁלִ֥יךְ אֶת־עֲפָרָ֖ם אֶל־נַ֥חַל קִדְרֽוֹן׃", "וְֽאֶת־הַבָּמ֞וֹת אֲשֶׁ֣ר&thinsp;<b>׀</b> עַל־פְּנֵ֣י יְרוּשָׁלַ֗͏ִם אֲשֶׁר֮ מִימִ֣ין לְהַר־הַמַּשְׁחִית֒ אֲשֶׁ֣ר בָּ֠נָ֠ה שְׁלֹמֹ֨ה מֶלֶךְ־יִשְׂרָאֵ֜ל לְעַשְׁתֹּ֣רֶת&thinsp;<b>׀</b> שִׁקֻּ֣ץ צִידֹנִ֗ים וְלִכְמוֹשׁ֙ שִׁקֻּ֣ץ מוֹאָ֔ב וּלְמִלְכֹּ֖ם תּוֹעֲבַ֣ת בְּנֵֽי־עַמּ֑וֹן טִמֵּ֖א הַמֶּֽלֶךְ׃", "וְשִׁבַּר֙ אֶת־הַמַּצֵּב֔וֹת וַיִּכְרֹ֖ת אֶת־הָאֲשֵׁרִ֑ים וַיְמַלֵּ֥א אֶת־מְקוֹמָ֖ם עַצְמ֥וֹת אָדָֽם׃", "וְגַ֨ם אֶת־הַמִּזְבֵּ֜חַ אֲשֶׁ֣ר בְּבֵֽית־אֵ֗ל הַבָּמָה֙ אֲשֶׁ֨ר עָשָׂ֜ה יָרׇבְעָ֤ם בֶּן־נְבָט֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר הֶחֱטִ֣יא אֶת־יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל גַּ֣ם אֶת־הַמִּזְבֵּ֧חַ הַה֛וּא וְאֶת־הַבָּמָ֖ה נָתָ֑ץ וַיִּשְׂרֹ֧ף אֶת־הַבָּמָ֛ה הֵדַ֥ק לְעָפָ֖ר וְשָׂרַ֥ף אֲשֵׁרָֽה׃", "וַיִּ֣פֶן יֹאשִׁיָּ֗הוּ וַיַּ֨רְא אֶת־הַקְּבָרִ֤ים אֲשֶׁר־שָׁם֙ בָּהָ֔ר וַיִּשְׁלַ֗ח וַיִּקַּ֤ח אֶת־הָֽעֲצָמוֹת֙ מִן־הַקְּבָרִ֔ים וַיִּשְׂרֹ֥ף עַל־הַמִּזְבֵּ֖חַ וַֽיְטַמְּאֵ֑הוּ כִּדְבַ֣ר יְהֹוָ֗ה אֲשֶׁ֤ר קָרָא֙ אִ֣ישׁ הָאֱלֹהִ֔ים אֲשֶׁ֣ר קָרָ֔א אֶת־הַדְּבָרִ֖ים הָאֵֽלֶּה׃", "וַיֹּ֕אמֶר מָ֚ה הַצִּיּ֣וּן הַלָּ֔ז אֲשֶׁ֖ר אֲנִ֣י רֹאֶ֑ה וַיֹּאמְר֨וּ אֵלָ֜יו אַנְשֵׁ֣י הָעִ֗יר הַקֶּ֤בֶר אִישׁ־הָֽאֱלֹהִים֙ אֲשֶׁר־בָּ֣א מִֽיהוּדָ֔ה וַיִּקְרָ֗א אֶת־הַדְּבָרִ֤ים הָאֵ֙לֶּה֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר עָשִׂ֔יתָ עַ֖ל הַמִּזְבַּ֥ח בֵּֽית־אֵֽל׃", "וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ הַנִּ֣יחוּ ל֔וֹ אִ֖ישׁ אַל־יָנַ֣ע עַצְמוֹתָ֑יו וַֽיְמַלְּטוּ֙ עַצְמוֹתָ֔יו אֵ֚ת עַצְמ֣וֹת הַנָּבִ֔יא אֲשֶׁר־בָּ֖א מִשֹּׁמְרֽוֹן׃", "וְגַם֩ אֶת־כׇּל־בָּתֵּ֨י הַבָּמ֜וֹת אֲשֶׁ֣ר&thinsp;<b>׀</b> בְּעָרֵ֣י שֹׁמְר֗וֹן אֲשֶׁ֨ר עָשׂ֜וּ מַלְכֵ֤י יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ לְהַכְעִ֔יס הֵסִ֖יר יֹאשִׁיָּ֑הוּ וַיַּ֣עַשׂ לָהֶ֔ם כְּכׇל־הַֽמַּעֲשִׂ֔ים אֲשֶׁ֥ר עָשָׂ֖ה בְּבֵֽית־אֵֽל׃", "וַ֠יִּזְבַּ֠ח אֶת־כׇּל־כֹּהֲנֵ֨י הַבָּמ֤וֹת אֲשֶׁר־שָׁם֙ עַל־הַֽמִּזְבְּח֔וֹת וַיִּשְׂרֹ֛ף אֶת־עַצְמ֥וֹת אָדָ֖ם עֲלֵיהֶ֑ם וַיָּ֖שׇׁב יְרוּשָׁלָֽ͏ִם׃", "וַיְצַ֤ו הַמֶּ֙לֶךְ֙ אֶת־כׇּל־הָעָ֣ם לֵאמֹ֔ר עֲשׂ֣וּ פֶ֔סַח לַיהֹוָ֖ה אֱלֹהֵיכֶ֑ם כַּכָּת֕וּב עַ֛ל סֵ֥פֶר הַבְּרִ֖ית הַזֶּֽה׃", "כִּ֣י לֹ֤א נַֽעֲשָׂה֙ כַּפֶּ֣סַח הַזֶּ֔ה מִימֵי֙ הַשֹּׁ֣פְטִ֔ים אֲשֶׁ֥ר שָׁפְט֖וּ אֶת־יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וְכֹ֗ל יְמֵ֛י מַלְכֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל וּמַלְכֵ֥י יְהוּדָֽה׃", "כִּ֗י אִם־בִּשְׁמֹנֶ֤ה עֶשְׂרֵה֙ שָׁנָ֔ה לַמֶּ֖לֶךְ יֹאשִׁיָּ֑הוּ נַעֲשָׂ֞ה הַפֶּ֧סַח הַזֶּ֛ה לַיהֹוָ֖ה בִּירוּשָׁלָֽ͏ִם׃", "וְגַ֣ם אֶת־הָאֹב֣וֹת וְאֶת־הַ֠יִּדְּעֹנִ֠ים וְאֶת־הַתְּרָפִ֨ים וְאֶת־הַגִּלֻּלִ֜ים וְאֵ֣ת כׇּל־הַשִּׁקֻּצִ֗ים אֲשֶׁ֤ר נִרְאוּ֙ בְּאֶ֤רֶץ יְהוּדָה֙ וּבִיר֣וּשָׁלַ֔͏ִם בִּעֵ֖ר יֹאשִׁיָּ֑הוּ לְ֠מַ֠עַן הָקִ֞ים אֶת־דִּבְרֵ֤י הַתּוֹרָה֙ הַכְּתֻבִ֣ים עַל־הַסֵּ֔פֶר אֲשֶׁ֥ר מָצָ֛א חִלְקִיָּ֥הוּ הַכֹּהֵ֖ן בֵּ֥ית יְהֹוָֽה׃", "וְכָמֹ֩הוּ֩ לֹא־הָיָ֨ה לְפָנָ֜יו מֶ֗לֶךְ אֲשֶׁר־שָׁ֤ב אֶל־יְהֹוָה֙ בְּכׇל־לְבָב֤וֹ וּבְכׇל־נַפְשׁוֹ֙ וּבְכׇל־מְאֹד֔וֹ כְּכֹ֖ל תּוֹרַ֣ת מֹשֶׁ֑ה וְאַחֲרָ֖יו לֹא־קָ֥ם כָּמֹֽהוּ׃", "אַ֣ךְ&thinsp;<b>׀</b> לֹא־שָׁ֣ב יְהֹוָ֗ה מֵחֲר֤וֹן אַפּוֹ֙ הַגָּד֔וֹל אֲשֶׁר־חָרָ֥ה אַפּ֖וֹ בִּֽיהוּדָ֑ה עַ֚ל כׇּל־הַכְּעָסִ֔ים אֲשֶׁ֥ר הִכְעִיס֖וֹ מְנַשֶּֽׁה׃", "וַיֹּ֣אמֶר יְהֹוָ֗ה גַּ֤ם אֶת־יְהוּדָה֙ אָסִיר֙ מֵעַ֣ל פָּנַ֔י כַּאֲשֶׁ֥ר הֲסִרֹ֖תִי אֶת־יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וּ֠מָאַסְתִּ֠י אֶת־הָעִ֨יר הַזֹּ֤את אֲשֶׁר־בָּחַ֙רְתִּי֙ אֶת־יְר֣וּשָׁלַ֔͏ִם וְאֶ֨ת־הַבַּ֔יִת אֲשֶׁ֣ר אָמַ֔רְתִּי יִֽהְיֶ֥ה שְׁמִ֖י שָֽׁם׃", "וְיֶ֛תֶר דִּבְרֵ֥י יֹאשִׁיָּ֖הוּ וְכׇל־אֲשֶׁ֣ר עָשָׂ֑ה הֲלֹא־הֵ֣ם כְּתוּבִ֗ים עַל־סֵ֛פֶר דִּבְרֵ֥י הַיָּמִ֖ים לְמַלְכֵ֥י יְהוּדָֽה׃", "בְּיָמָ֡יו עָלָה֩ פַרְעֹ֨ה נְכֹ֧ה מֶלֶךְ־מִצְרַ֛יִם עַל־מֶ֥לֶךְ אַשּׁ֖וּר עַל־נְהַר־פְּרָ֑ת וַיֵּ֨לֶךְ הַמֶּ֤לֶךְ יֹאשִׁיָּ֙הוּ֙ לִקְרָאת֔וֹ וַיְמִיתֵ֙הוּ֙ בִּמְגִדּ֔וֹ כִּרְאֹת֖וֹ אֹתֽוֹ׃", "וַיַּרְכִּבֻ֨הוּ עֲבָדָ֥יו מֵת֙ מִמְּגִדּ֔וֹ וַיְבִאֻ֙הוּ֙ יְר֣וּשָׁלַ֔͏ִם וַֽיִּקְבְּרֻ֖הוּ בִּקְבֻרָת֑וֹ וַיִּקַּ֣ח עַם־הָאָ֗רֶץ אֶת־יְהֽוֹאָחָז֙ בֶּן־יֹ֣אשִׁיָּ֔הוּ וַיִּמְשְׁח֥וּ אֹת֛וֹ וַיַּמְלִ֥יכוּ אֹת֖וֹ תַּ֥חַת אָבִֽיו׃&nbsp;<span class=\"mam-spi-pe\">{פ}</span><br>", "בֶּן־עֶשְׂרִ֨ים וְשָׁלֹ֤שׁ שָׁנָה֙ יְהוֹאָחָ֣ז בְּמׇלְכ֔וֹ וּשְׁלֹשָׁ֣ה חֳדָשִׁ֔ים מָלַ֖ךְ בִּירֽוּשָׁלָ֑͏ִם וְשֵׁ֣ם אִמּ֔וֹ חֲמוּטַ֥ל בַּֽת־יִרְמְיָ֖הוּ מִלִּבְנָֽה׃", "וַיַּ֥עַשׂ הָרַ֖ע בְּעֵינֵ֣י יְהֹוָ֑ה כְּכֹ֥ל אֲשֶׁר־עָשׂ֖וּ אֲבֹתָֽיו׃", "וַיַּאַסְרֵ֩הוּ֩ פַרְעֹ֨ה נְכֹ֤ה בְרִבְלָה֙ בְּאֶ֣רֶץ חֲמָ֔ת <span class=\"mam-kq\"><span class=\"mam-kq-k\">(במלך)</span> <span class=\"mam-kq-q\">[מִמְּלֹ֖ךְ]</span></span> בִּירוּשָׁלָ֑͏ִם וַיִּתֶּן־עֹ֙נֶשׁ֙ עַל־הָאָ֔רֶץ מֵאָ֥ה כִכַּר־כֶּ֖סֶף וְכִכַּ֥ר זָהָֽב׃", "וַיַּמְלֵךְ֩ פַּרְעֹ֨ה נְכֹ֜ה אֶת־אֶלְיָקִ֣ים בֶּן־יֹאשִׁיָּ֗הוּ תַּ֚חַת יֹאשִׁיָּ֣הוּ אָבִ֔יו וַיַּסֵּ֥ב אֶת־שְׁמ֖וֹ יְהוֹיָקִ֑ים וְאֶת־יְהוֹאָחָ֣ז לָקַ֔ח וַיָּבֹ֥א מִצְרַ֖יִם וַיָּ֥מׇת שָֽׁם׃", "וְהַכֶּ֣סֶף וְהַזָּהָ֗ב נָתַ֤ן יְהֽוֹיָקִים֙ לְפַרְעֹ֔ה אַ֚ךְ הֶעֱרִ֣יךְ אֶת־הָאָ֔רֶץ לָתֵ֥ת אֶת־הַכֶּ֖סֶף עַל־פִּ֣י פַרְעֹ֑ה אִ֣ישׁ כְּעֶרְכּ֗וֹ נָגַ֞שׂ אֶת־הַכֶּ֤סֶף וְאֶת־הַזָּהָב֙ אֶת־עַ֣ם הָאָ֔רֶץ לָתֵ֖ת לְפַרְעֹ֥ה נְכֹֽה׃&nbsp;<span class=\"mam-spi-samekh\">{ס}</span>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;", "בֶּן־עֶשְׂרִ֨ים וְחָמֵ֤שׁ שָׁנָה֙ יְהוֹיָקִ֣ים בְּמׇלְכ֔וֹ וְאַחַ֤ת עֶשְׂרֵה֙ שָׁנָ֔ה מָלַ֖ךְ בִּירוּשָׁלָ֑͏ִם וְשֵׁ֣ם אִמּ֔וֹ <span class=\"mam-kq\"><span class=\"mam-kq-k\">(זבידה)</span> <span class=\"mam-kq-q\">[זְבוּדָּ֥ה]</span></span> בַת־פְּדָיָ֖ה מִן־רוּמָֽה׃", "וַיַּ֥עַשׂ הָרַ֖ע בְּעֵינֵ֣י יְהֹוָ֑ה כְּכֹ֥ל אֲשֶׁר־עָשׂ֖וּ אֲבֹתָֽיו׃"], "versions": [{"status": "locked", "priority": 3.0, "license": "CC-BY-NC", "versionNotes": "<a href=\"https://purl.org/jps/rjps-preface\">Preface</a>\n<br><br>\n<a href=\"https://purl.org/jps/gender\">Notes on Gender in Translation</a>\n<br><br>\n<a href=\"https://purl.org/scholar/rjps-comm\">Commentary on Translation Choices in the JPS TANAKH (RJPS)</a>", "formatAsPoetry": "", "digitizedBySefaria": "", "method": "", "heversionSource": "", "versionUrl": "", "versionTitleInHebrew": "", "versionNotesInHebrew": "", "shortVersionTitle": "Revised JPS, 2023", "shortVersionTitleInHebrew": "", "extendedNotes": "", "extendedNotesHebrew": "", "purchaseInformationImage": "https://storage.googleapis.com/sefaria-physical-editions/JPS-Tanakh-Gender-Sensitive-Edition-Cover-300x450.jpg", "purchaseInformationURL": "https://jps.org/books/the-jps-tanakh-gender-sensitive-edition/", "hasManuallyWrappedRefs": "", "language": "en", "title": "II Kings", "versionSource": "https://jps.org/books/the-jps-tanakh-gender-sensitive-edition/", "versionTitle": "THE JPS TANAKH: Gender-Sensitive Edition", "actualLanguage": "en", "languageFamilyName": "english", "isSource": false, "isPrimary": false, "direction": "ltr"}, {"status": "locked", "priority": 2.0, "license": "CC-BY-SA", "versionNotes": "<i>Miqra According to the Masorah</i> (MAM) is a digital Hebrew edition of the Tanakh based on the Aleppo Codex and related manuscripts. It is designed for readers, and as such it contains added elements to aid vocalization of the text. For instance: When an accent is marked in an unstressed syllable, an extra accent is added in the proper place (<i>pashta</i>, <i>zarqa</i>, <i>segol</i>, <i>telisha</i>). <i>Legarmeih</i> and <i>paseq</i> are visibly distinguished. <i>Qamaz qatan</i> is indicated by its designated Unicode character (alternatives are documented where traditions differ about its application).<br>The text of MAM is fully documented. The <a href=\"https://he.wikisource.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%A9%D7%AA%D7%9E%D7%A9:Dovi/%D7%9E%D7%A7%D7%A8%D7%90_%D7%A2%D7%9C_%D7%A4%D7%99_%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%A1%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%94/%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%93%D7%A2_%D7%A2%D7%9C_%D7%9E%D7%94%D7%93%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%94_%D7%96%D7%95\">complete introduction</a> to the edition (Hebrew) explains the types of editorial decisions that have been made and the reasons for them (<a href=\"https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/User:Dovi/Miqra_according_to_the_Masorah#About_this_Edition_(English_Abstract)\">English abstract</a>). In addition, every word in the Bible about which there is some textual concern or ambiguity includes a documentation note; these notes can be viewed conveniently <a href=\"https://bdenckla.github.io/MAM-with-doc/\">here</a>. If an error is discovered, it may be reported to <a href=\"https://he.wikisource.org/wiki/%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%97%D7%AA_%D7%9E%D7%A9%D7%AA%D7%9E%D7%A9:Dovi\">User:Dovi</a> at Hebrew Wikisource. Please check the documentation notes before reporting an error.", "formatAsPoetry": "", "digitizedBySefaria": "", "method": "", "heversionSource": "", "versionUrl": "", "versionTitleInHebrew": "מקרא על פי המסורה", "versionNotesInHebrew": "", "shortVersionTitle": "", "shortVersionTitleInHebrew": "", "extendedNotes": "", "extendedNotesHebrew": "", "purchaseInformationImage": "", "purchaseInformationURL": "", "hasManuallyWrappedRefs": "", "language": "he", "title": "II Kings", "versionSource": "https://he.wikisource.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%A9%D7%AA%D7%9E%D7%A9:Dovi/%D7%9E%D7%A7%D7%A8%D7%90_%D7%A2%D7%9C_%D7%A4%D7%99_%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%A1%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%94", "versionTitle": "Miqra according to the Masorah", "actualLanguage": "he", "languageFamilyName": "hebrew", "isSource": true, "isPrimary": true, "direction": "rtl"}, {"status": "locked", "priority": 2.0, "license": "CC-BY-NC", "versionNotes": "", "formatAsPoetry": "", "digitizedBySefaria": "", "method": "", "heversionSource": "", "versionUrl": "", "versionTitleInHebrew": "", "versionNotesInHebrew": "", "shortVersionTitle": "JPS, 1985", "shortVersionTitleInHebrew": "", "extendedNotes": "", "extendedNotesHebrew": "", "purchaseInformationImage": "https://storage.googleapis.com/sefaria-physical-editions/JPS_1985.png", "purchaseInformationURL": "https://www.nebraskapress.unl.edu/jps/9780827602526/", "hasManuallyWrappedRefs": "", "language": "en", "title": "II Kings", "versionSource": "https://jps.org/books/tanakh-the-holy-scriptures-blue/", "versionTitle": "Tanakh: The Holy Scriptures, published by JPS", "actualLanguage": "en", "languageFamilyName": "english", "isSource": false, "isPrimary": false, "direction": "ltr"}, {"status": "locked", "priority": 1.0, "license": "Public Domain", "versionNotes": "This 1917 translation by the Jewish Publication Society is in the public domain. JPS graciously shared digital images of this text with the Open Siddur Project, from which the text was imported by Sefaria.", "formatAsPoetry": "", "digitizedBySefaria": "", "method": "", "heversionSource": "", "versionUrl": "", "versionTitleInHebrew": "כתבי הקודש: תרגום חדש (1917 JPS)", "versionNotesInHebrew": "תרגום JPS 1917 קיים בנחלת הכלל. הסריקות באדיבות JPS. שעתוק הטקסט תודות לפרויקט Open Siddur, משם יובא הטקסט למאגר ספריא", "shortVersionTitle": "JPS 1917", "shortVersionTitleInHebrew": "", "extendedNotes": "", "extendedNotesHebrew": "", "purchaseInformationImage": "", "purchaseInformationURL": "", "hasManuallyWrappedRefs": "", "language": "en", "title": "II Kings", "versionSource": "http://opensiddur.org/2010/08/%D7%AA%D7%A0%D7%B4%D7%9A-the-holy-scriptures-a-new-translation-jps-1917/", "versionTitle": "The Holy Scriptures: A New Translation (JPS 1917)", "actualLanguage": "en", "languageFamilyName": "english", "isSource": false, "isPrimary": false, "direction": "ltr"}, {"status": "locked", "priority": 1.0, "license": "Public Domain", "versionNotes": "", "formatAsPoetry": "", "digitizedBySefaria": "", "method": "", "heversionSource": "", "versionUrl": "", "versionTitleInHebrew": "תנ״ך מלווה בטעמי מקרא", "versionNotesInHebrew": "", "shortVersionTitle": "", "shortVersionTitleInHebrew": "", "extendedNotes": "", "extendedNotesHebrew": "", "purchaseInformationImage": "", "purchaseInformationURL": "", "hasManuallyWrappedRefs": "", "language": "he", "title": "II Kings", "versionSource": "http://www.tanach.us/Tanach.xml", "versionTitle": "Tanach with Ta'amei Hamikra", "actualLanguage": "he", "languageFamilyName": "hebrew", "isSource": true, "isPrimary": true, "direction": "rtl"}, {"status": "locked", "priority": "", "license": "Public Domain", "versionNotes": "", "formatAsPoetry": "", "digitizedBySefaria": "", "method": "", "heversionSource": "", "versionUrl": "", "versionTitleInHebrew": "תנ״ך - טקסט בלבד", "versionNotesInHebrew": "", "shortVersionTitle": "", "shortVersionTitleInHebrew": "", "extendedNotes": "", "extendedNotesHebrew": "", "purchaseInformationImage": "", "purchaseInformationURL": "", "hasManuallyWrappedRefs": "", "language": "he", "title": "II Kings", "versionSource": "http://www.tanach.us/Tanach.xml", "versionTitle": "Tanach with Text Only", "actualLanguage": "he", "languageFamilyName": "hebrew", "isSource": true, "isPrimary": true, "direction": "rtl"}, {"status": "locked", "priority": "", "license": "Public Domain", "versionNotes": "", "formatAsPoetry": "", "digitizedBySefaria": "", "method": "", "heversionSource": "", "versionUrl": "", "versionTitleInHebrew": "תנ״ך עם ניקוד", "versionNotesInHebrew": "", "shortVersionTitle": "", "shortVersionTitleInHebrew": "", "extendedNotes": "", "extendedNotesHebrew": "", "purchaseInformationImage": "", "purchaseInformationURL": "", "hasManuallyWrappedRefs": "", "language": "he", "title": "II Kings", "versionSource": "http://www.tanach.us/Tanach.xml", "versionTitle": "Tanach with Nikkud", "actualLanguage": "he", "languageFamilyName": "hebrew", "isSource": true, "isPrimary": true, "direction": "rtl"}, {"status": "locked", "priority": "", "license": "CC0", "versionNotes": "This 1941 translation published by Yehoʼash Farlag Gezelshaft is in the public domain. A transcribed digitized version was produced by Itsik \"Robert\" Goldenberg, et al, by the Yehoyesh Project (1998-2006) under the direction of Leonard Prager. 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It is designed for readers, and as such it contains added elements to aid vocalization of the text. For instance: When an accent is marked in an unstressed syllable, an extra accent is added in the proper place (<i>pashta</i>, <i>zarqa</i>, <i>segol</i>, <i>telisha</i>). <i>Legarmeih</i> and <i>paseq</i> are visibly distinguished. <i>Qamaz qatan</i> is indicated by its designated Unicode character (alternatives are documented where traditions differ about its application).<br>The text of MAM is fully documented. The <a href=\"https://he.wikisource.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%A9%D7%AA%D7%9E%D7%A9:Dovi/%D7%9E%D7%A7%D7%A8%D7%90_%D7%A2%D7%9C_%D7%A4%D7%99_%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%A1%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%94/%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%93%D7%A2_%D7%A2%D7%9C_%D7%9E%D7%94%D7%93%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%94_%D7%96%D7%95\">complete introduction</a> to the edition (Hebrew) explains the types of editorial decisions that have been made and the reasons for them (<a href=\"https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/User:Dovi/Miqra_according_to_the_Masorah#About_this_Edition_(English_Abstract)\">English abstract</a>). In addition, every word in the Bible about which there is some textual concern or ambiguity includes a documentation note; these notes can be viewed conveniently <a href=\"https://bdenckla.github.io/MAM-with-doc/\">here</a>. If an error is discovered, it may be reported to <a href=\"https://he.wikisource.org/wiki/%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%97%D7%AA_%D7%9E%D7%A9%D7%AA%D7%9E%D7%A9:Dovi\">User:Dovi</a> at Hebrew Wikisource. 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