פִּנְחָס בֶּן אֶלְעָזָר. מָה רָאָה הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא לְיַחֵס פִּנְחָס אַחַר מַעֲשֶׂה זֶה. שֶׁבְּשָׁעָה שֶׁנִּדְקַר זִמְרִי עִם כָּזְבִּי, עָמְדוּ הַשְּׁבָטִים עָלָיו וְאָמְרוּ, רְאִיתֶם בֶּן פּוּטִי זֶה שֶׁפִּטֵּם אֲבִי אִמּוֹ עֲגָלִים לַעֲבוֹדָה זָרָה, הָרַג נְשִׂיא שֵׁבֶט מִיִּשְׂרָאֵל. לְפִיכָךְ בָּא הַכָּתוּב לְיַחֲסוֹ, פִּנְחָס בֶּן אֶלְעָזָר בֶּן אַהֲרֹן הַכֹּהֵן. לָכֵן אֱמֹר הִנְנִי נוֹתֵן לוֹ וְגוֹ'. גָּדוֹל הַשָּׁלוֹם שֶׁנָּתַן, שֶׁאֵין הָעוֹלָם מִתְנַהֵג אֶלָּא עַל פִּי הַשָּׁלוֹם. וְהַתּוֹרָה כֻּלָּהּ שָׁלוֹם, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: דְּרָכֶיהָ דַּרְכֵי נֹעַם וְכָל נְתִיבוֹתֶיהָ שָׁלוֹם (משלי ג, יז). אִם בָּא אָדָם מִן הַדֶּרֶךְ שׁוֹאֲלִין לוֹ שָׁלוֹם, וְכֵן בְּשַׁחֲרִית שׁוֹאֲלִין לוֹ שָׁלוֹם, וּבָעֶרֶב שׁוֹאֲלִין לוֹ שָׁלוֹם וְקוֹרִין קְרִיאַת שְׁמַע וְחוֹתְמִין בְּשָׁלוֹם, הַפּוֹרֵס סֻכַּת שָׁלוֹם. וּבַתְּפִלָּה חוֹתְמִין הַמְבָרֵךְ אֶת עַמּוֹ יִשְׂרָאֵל בַּשָּׁלוֹם. לָכֵן אֱמֹר הִנְנִי נוֹתֵן לוֹ וְגוֹ', שֶׁעֲדַיִן הוּא קַיָּם. וְכֵן הוּא אוֹמֵר, בְּרִיתִי הָיְתָה אִתּוֹ הַחַיִּים וְהַשָּׁלוֹם (מלאכי ב, ז). וְהָיְתָה לוֹ וּלְזַרְעוֹ אַחֲרָיו בְּרִית כְּהֻנַּת עוֹלָם וִיכַפֵּר עַל בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל. וְכִי קָרְבָּן הִקְרִיב שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר בּוֹ כַּפָּרָה. אֶלָּא לְלַמֶּדְךָ, שֶׁכָּל הַשּׁוֹפֵךְ דָּמָן שֶׁל רְשָׁעִים, כְּאִלּוּ הִקְרִיב קָרְבָּן. (Numb. 25:11) “Phinehas ben Elazar […].” What reason did the Holy One, blessed be He, have for tracing the lineage of Phinehas after this act (of slaying Zimri in Numb. 25:8)?1Numb. R. 21:3. [The reason was] that, when Zimri was pierced along with Cozbi, the tribes rose up against [Phinehas] and said, “Did you see the son (actually, grandson) of Puti? This man, whose mother's father2Thus Puti was actually Phinehas’ maternal grandfather, whose full name was Putiel. So Exod. 6:25. fattened calves for idolatry, has killed a tribal prince of Israel!” Therefore Scripture has come to trace his lineage [through his paternal grandfather] (in Numb. 25:11), “Phinehas the son of Eliezer, [who is] the son of Aaron the priest.” (Numb. 25:12:) “Therefore I hereby grant My covenant of peace.” Great is the peace that He gave, as the world only functions according to peace. And the Torah is [likewise] completely peace, as stated (Prov. 3:17), “Her ways are pleasant ways, and all her paths are peace.” If someone comes from a journey, we inquire of his peace (wellbeing). So too in the morning, we inquire of his peace, and in the evening we inquire of his peace. And we read the recital of the Shema and we conclude [its blessings] with peace, “who spreads the cover of peace.” And in prayer, we conclude, “Who blesses His people Israel with peace.” (Numb. 25:12:) “Therefore I hereby grant [My covenant of peace],” as he still survives. And so it says (in Mal. 2:5), “My covenant was with him, [a covenant of] life and peace.” (Numb. 25:13:) “And it shall belong to him and to his seed after him […, because he was zealous for his God] and atoned for the Children of Israel.” Since atonement is spoken of in connection with him, did he offer a sacrifice? [The mention of atonement is] simply to teach you that when anyone sheds the blood of the wicked, it is as if he had offered a sacrifice.